The industrial relations wish list for both employer and employee/union groups continue to grow as the Federal election is now set for 3 May.

Bargaining was a big ticket agenda item for the Australian Labor Party in the run into the last election in 2022. And there were no signs of slowing down once elected, with the government hosting the Jobs and Skills Summit not long after.

Since 2022, what was perceived as an increasingly ‘employer friendly’ bargaining and industrial relations landscape has been turned on its head. Under the current government we have seen:

  • The re-invigoration of multi-employer bargaining – providing new opportunities for employers to be ‘roped’ into bargaining with other competitors
  • A simplification of the enterprise agreement approval and BOOT processes, aimed at making bargaining more accessible to more employers
  • Strict limitations on the ability for employers to terminate enterprise agreements, particularly in the course of bargaining
  • New workplace delegates’ rights enshrined in the Fair Work Act
  • The introduction of intractable bargaining declarations
  • An increased role for the Fair Work Commission, including by conciliating after successful protected action ballot orders, and arbitrating terms of enterprise agreements

So, what does a 2025 Federal election hold? And what are the ALP and Coalition’s likely positions on bargaining should they win?

The current Government have not announced many key reforms in the bargaining space. This is unsurprising given the number of reforms that have already been made. However there is pressure from unions (including the ACTU) to bring about further changes.

Some of the key submissions from the ACTU that have received media attention include proposals to:

  • require that all enterprise agreements have union engagement and coverage;
  • remove or limit the ability for employers to engage in lock out responses to employee industrial action; and
  • increase the ability for unions to initiate bargaining with employers – including where a previous agreement is within 5 years of its nominal expiry date.

Could it be that the ALP has already accomplished what it set out to achieve in Australian industrial relations? It appears unlikely, with the Workplace Relations Minister, Murray Watt confirming that there will be a second-term agenda for the ALP.

We eagerly await the details of this agenda.

The key reforms that employers and employer groups are calling for the Liberal Party to review are aimed at pulling back the rights of unions, ‘levelling’ the bargaining playing field.

Many employer groups remained hopeful that the Coalition would look to remove the new multi-employer bargaining regime which can compel employers to bargain against their will (as was recently ordered for several mining companies in New South Wales).

However, while campaigning in the Western Australian mining region, the Liberal Party leader, Peter Dutton, confirmed that both the multi-employer bargaining and ‘same job, same pay’ regime would not be repealed by the Coalition. These sentiments come as a shock to many, particularly in light of the Liberal Party’s previous vocal opposition to the reforms.

The arguments put against the multi-employer bargaining regime are that, alongside other tools that are now available to unions (such as ‘same job, same pay’ applications): productivity is down while the cost of wages and rigidity of the bargaining framework remain high.

However, the Shadow Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations, Michaelia Cash, continues to make her views on the CFMEU (and the Labor party’s alignment with the union) well known.

The Liberal Party’s IR agenda, otherwise, remains either minimal or unreleased. This raises the question, is the Coalition trying to distance itself from the Labor Party’s IR reforms or align with it?

While we are not expecting to see a Dutton-led Coalition government rewrite the Fair Work Act, it is likely that, if elected, it will focus itself on increasing productivity – something that will lend itself to a more forensic look at the bargaining landscape as it currently stands. This will be a challenge. That word – productivity – is often linked to cutting working entitlements and job security.   

The last election demonstrated the rising power of independent MPs and crossbench Senators – particularly Senators David Pocock and Jacquie Lambie. Perhaps that is why bargaining has largely been left off the table so far.

If the last election was a sign of things to come, it could be that any newly formed government will need to ensure that its log of claims matches those of some independent players.

Our team are continuing to watch this area with keen interest.


Australian Federal Election 2025

Spotlight on employment and industrial relations

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Drew Pearson

Managing Partner, Sydney Office, Sydney

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